Cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm sodium carbonate yog alkaline thiab muaj qee qhov kev corrosiveness. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ob npaug nrog cov kua qaub, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ob npaug nrog cov ntsev calcium thiab barium ntsev. Cov tshuaj yog alkaline thiab tuaj yeem tig phenolphthalein liab.
Kev ruaj ntseg
Nws yog qhov ruaj khov, tab sis nws tuaj yeem decompose ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los tsim sodium oxide thiab carbon dioxide:
Lub sij hawm ntev raug rau huab cua tuaj yeem nqus dej noo thiab carbon dioxide hauv huab cua kom tsim tau sodium bicarbonate thiab tsim cov pob tawv tawv:
Sodium carbonate's crystalline hydrate, dej qab zib tshauv (Na2CO3·10H2O), yooj yim weathered hauv huab cua qhuav:
Thermodynamic muaj nuj nqi
Thermodynamic muaj nuj nqi ntawm (298.15K, 100K):
State: khov
Txheem molar enthalpy ntawm kev tsim: -1130.8 kJ·mol-1
Txheem molar Gibbs dawb lub zog ntawm kev tsim: -1048.1 kJ·mol-1
Standard entropy: 138.8 J·mol-1·K-1
Hydrolysis tshuaj tiv thaiv
Txij li thaum sodium carbonate hydrolyzes nyob rau hauv aqueous tov, ionized carbonate ions ua ke nrog hydrogen ions nyob rau hauv dej los tsim bicarbonate ions, ua rau txo qis hauv hydrogen ions hauv cov tshuaj, tawm hauv ionized hydroxide ions, yog li cov tshuaj pH yog alkaline.
Txij li thaum carbonate tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov protons (xws li hydrogen ions) hauv dej los tsim cov bicarbonate thiab carbonic acid, thiab tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov protons hauv cov kua qaub kom tso carbon dioxide. Yog li ntawd, sodium carbonate belongs rau Bronsted puag nyob rau hauv acid-base proton txoj kev xav.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid
Siv hydrochloric acid ua piv txwv. Thaum hydrochloric acid txaus, sodium chloride thiab carbonic acid yog tsim, thiab tsis ruaj tsis khov carbonic acid tam sim ntawd decomposes rau carbon dioxide thiab dej. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov pa roj carbon dioxide:
Tag nrho cov chemical equation yog:
Thaum hydrochloric acid me me, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no tshwm sim:
Sodium carbonate kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo sib xws nrog lwm hom acids.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog lub hauv paus
Sodium carbonate tuaj yeem dhau los ua ob qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov hauv paus xws li calcium hydroxide thiab barium hydroxide los tsim cov dej nag thiab sodium hydroxide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau siv hauv kev lag luam los npaj cov dej qab zib caustic (feem ntau hu ua causticization):
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog ntsev
Sodium carbonate tuaj yeem dhau los ua ob qhov kev cuam tshuam nrog calcium ntsev, barium ntsev, thiab lwm yam.
Txij li thaum sodium carbonate yog hydrolyzed nyob rau hauv dej los tsim sodium hydroxide thiab carbonic acid, nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog qee cov ntsev yuav thawb cov tshuaj sib npaug kom txav mus rau hauv cov kev taw qhia zoo los tsim cov hauv paus thiab carbon dioxide.